China and India commit to stronger cooperation despite past border clashes

31 August 2025 , 12:38

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China and India commit to stronger cooperation despite past border clashes

Chinese leader Xi Jinping and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi have pledged to resolve their border differences and bolster cooperation, ahead of the opening of a regional summit in Tianjin.

Mr. Modi is on his first visit to China since relations between the two countries deteriorated after Chinese and Indian soldiers engaged in deadly border clashes in 2020. 

He is visiting as part of India’s membership in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, a regional political, economic, and security group founded by China.

Mr. Modi said in his opening remarks that relations with China have moved in "a meaningful direction," adding: "There is a peaceful environment at the borders after disengagement."

Mr. Xi said he hopes the Tianjin meeting will "further elevate" and "promote the sustained, healthy, and stable development of bilateral relations," according to state broadcaster CCTV.

The two sides should "not let the border issue define the overall China-India relationship," Mr. Xi said, adding that economic development for both countries should be their main focus.

"As long as they remain committed to the overarching goal of being partners, not rivals, and providing development opportunities, not threats, China-India relations will flourish and move forward steadily," Mr. Xi said.

Russian leader Vladimir Putin, who arrived in Tianjin on Sunday, is also due to meet with both leaders in the coming days.

Ahead of Mr. Modi’s visit, China’s top diplomat Wang Yi flew to New Delhi earlier in August, as the two sides announced their rapprochement. 

Mr. Wang’s visit coincided with US President Donald Trump’s decision to impose 50% tariffs on India for its purchase of Russian oil, but Delhi’s process of rebuilding ties with China had been in the works for months.

China and India this year have increased official visits and discussed easing some restrictions on trade and the movement of people across the border.

In June, Beijing allowed pilgrims from India to visit holy sites in Tibet.

Thomas Brown