06 March 2024 , 13:44
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Ever walked out of a dark cinema into the bright afternoon sun and been momentarily blinded?
That's your eyes adjusting to the light, but if they're overly sensitive it could be a sign of something more serious. In fact, UK Google searches for 'photophobia', or fear of light, have shot up by 23 per cent in the last year, says one expert. Roshni Patel, an optometrist at Lenstore, explains that sensitivity to light is usually a symptom of another issue, not a condition in itself. It can even be linked to some serious illnesses, reports Bristol Live.
She's shared what might be causing this problem and what you should do if you're finding light hard to handle.
Migraines
Roshni said: "Migraines are intense headaches, often accompanied by nausea, temporary light sensitivity and at times, visual disturbance. The pain typically centres behind the eyes, with a pulsating pressure."
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"There is no treatment for migraines, except painkillers and, they usually disappear after several hours. Other home remedies you can try include cooling down with an ice pack on your forehead and sitting in a dark, quiet room."
Eye infections/inflammation
Roshni explained: "Iritis is an inflammation of the coloured part of your eye (iris), typically not caused by any catalyst, but may follow autoimmune diseases or infections. In addition to light sensitivity and headaches, it causes a deep eye pain. This condition is very serious and needs medical attention asap."
"Viral conjunctivitis can also cause light sensitivity, as well as redness, excessively watery eyes and discomfort. Your eyelids may be slightly swollen and if the infection has reached your cornea, you might be noticing blurred vision."
"Viruses don't respond well to treatment, and in most cases, they generally resolve untreated. However, you can relieve symptoms by using eye drops and ointments. Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious, so it is very important to take precautions to prevent passing it on to others, such as washing hands regularly, and avoid sharing things like hand towels and pillows."
On the topic of Corneal ulcers, Roshni stated: "Corneal ulcers are open sores on the outer layer of the cornea and are often caused by infection due to poor compliance in contact lens handling. Sleeping or napping with contact lenses that haven't been specially designed to let enough oxygen through can also be another reason."
Here's what you need to know about light sensitivity:
Signs and symptoms to look out for:
- Red, painful eyes
- Feeling like something's in your eye
- Gunk coming from your eye
- White or grey spots on your cornea
- Sensitivity to light
Corneal ulcers are serious and can cause permanent damage or even blindness if they're not treated. If you think you have a corneal ulcer, see a doctor right away.
Glaucoma
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Roshni says: "Glaucoma is a common eye condition that can be passed on through genetics and causes fluid to build up in the eye, leading to increased pressure. While the ways in which glaucoma affects your vision can vary, seeing halos around lights at night, especially with rainbow rings, is one of the early warning signs of an acute form of glaucoma which requires quick medical attention."
"If left untreated, any type of glaucoma can lead to vision loss, so contact your optometrist immediately if you feel intense pressure or pain in your eyes alongside the symptoms of halos and rainbow rings around lights."
Photokeratitis (sunburned eyes)
Roshni says: "This is a highly painful (but usually temporary) burn to the cornea. It's most commonly associated with not wearing sunglasses in locations with a lot of reflected sunlight such as the beach or snowy regions. The sun burns leave corneal nerves exposed and damaged, causing symptoms of intense pain and light sensitivity."
**What to do if you experience light sensitivity**Roshni advised: "Because light sensitivity usually occurs in conjunction with another issue, the best way to deal with it is to identify the underlying cause. In most cases, light sensitivity disappears once the triggering effect is treated. For those inherently sensitive to bright light or have lighter-toned eyes. Follow the regularly advised outdoor safety precautions against harsh sunlight with hats and UV protective sunglasses."
"If you notice that you are experiencing photophobia after starting a new medication regime, consult with your GP about alternatives. In all instances, if light sensitivity has a sudden onset, and is associated with pain, contact a medical professional for advice."